What are the two types of diabetic retinopathy?
There are two types of diabetic retinopathy:
- Early diabetic retinopathy. In this more common form — called nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) — new blood vessels aren’t growing (proliferating).
- Advanced diabetic retinopathy.
How is GDM diagnosed?
According to these criteria the diagnosis of GDM is made if there is at least one abnormal value (≥92, 180 and 153 mg/dl for fasting, one-hour and two-hour plasma glucose concentration respectively), after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
What are the stages of diabetic retinopathy?
The four stages of diabetic retinopathy are classified as mild, moderate, and severe nonproliferative and proliferative.
What is normal blood sugar levels Canada?
In Canada, blood sugar levels are measured in mmol/L (millimoles per litre). A person who doesn’t have diabetes usually has a blood sugar level somewhere between 3.5 mmol/L and 7.8 mmol/L, depending on when they last ate.
Does everyone with diabetes go blind?
But if retinopathy is diagnosed early, blindness can be prevented. Although many people with diabetes develop impaired vision, fewer than 5% suffer severe vision loss.
Can diabetic retinopathy be stopped?
While treatment can slow or stop the progression of diabetic retinopathy, it’s not a cure. Because diabetes is a lifelong condition, future retinal damage and vision loss are still possible. Even after treatment for diabetic retinopathy, you’ll need regular eye exams. At some point, you might need additional treatment.
What causes persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous ( PHPV )?
It results from a transcription factor deficiency in retinal ganglion cells which in turn negatively impacts development of the retinal vasculature. As a consequence, the fetal hyaloid vasculature fails to regress and its persistence leads to a retrolental mass. PHPV usually occurs unilaterally and affected eyes are generally blind from birth.
What does the back of the eye look like with PHPV?
The space at the back of the eye, behind the lens, is normally filled with a clear jelly. This jelly is called the vitreous. Children with PHPV are born with a hazy, scarred vitreous. The hazy vitreous blocks light passing to the back of the eye.
What are the most common eye conditions in pfvs?
The spectrum of eye conditions in PFVS is broad, and often become apparent at birth or shortly thereafter. Crossed eyes (strabismus), abnormal eye movements (nystagmus) and “lazy eye” (amblyopia) are common features.
How many vitreous patients have no light perception?
Ten (45%) had no light perception and one had undergone enucleation as a primary procedure.