Is some upward or downward entailing?
Animals are a superset of cows. This is a case of upward entailment. the property of set S to the subset of S, then the entailment is downward entailing.
What is monotonicity in semantics?
From Glottopedia. Monotonicity is a determiners (and quantifiers) can be classified according to their monotonicity-properties. A determiner D in a sentence of the form [S [NP D CN] VP] establishes a relation between the interpretations of CN and VP taken as sets of individuals.
What is a downward entailing operator?
In linguistic semantics, a downward entailing (DE) propositional operator is one that constrains the meaning of an expression to a lower number or degree than would be possible without the expression. For example, “not”, “nobody”, “few people”, “at most two boys”.
What is a legal entailment?
: the act or an instance of entailing something specifically, estate law : the act or an instance of restricting the inheritance of property to the owner’s lineal descendants or to a particular class thereof They came from places where for centuries, economic development had been hindered because nobles controlled most …
What is the meaning of monotonically?
1 : characterized by the use of or uttered in a monotone She recited the poem in a monotonic voice. 2 : having the property either of never increasing or of never decreasing as the values of the independent variable or the subscripts of the terms increase.
What is linguistic polarity?
In linguistics, a polarity item is a lexical item that can appear only in environments associated with a particular grammatical polarity – affirmative or negative. In the simplest case, an affirmative statement provides a licensing context for a PPI, while negation provides a licensing context for an NPI.
What is Mr Cunningham’s entailment?
Entailment or free tail is the process in which a property cannot sold, devised by will, or otherwise done anything with by the owner. In this context Mr Cunningham has been telling Atticus and the children about his property is entailed. …
What is a monotonic curve?
A Monotonic Curve We say a a graph is monotonic if the graph never decreases or never increases. We can say that our monotonic graphs either decrease (non-increasing) or increase (non-decreasing). For example, the graph of y = 3x.
When to use downward or upward entailing in a sentence?
Conversely, an upward-entailing operator constrains the meaning of an expression to a higher number or degree, for example “more than one”. A context that is neither downward nor upward entailing is non-monotone, such as “exactly five”.
Is there a context that is neither downward or upward entailing?
A context that is neither downward nor upward entailing is non-monotone, such as “exactly five”. A downward-entailing operator reverses the relation of semantic strength among expressions.
What’s the difference between a downward and upward entailing operator?
Conversely, an upward entailing operator constrains the meaning of an expression to a higher number or degree, for example “more than one”. A context that is neither downward nor upward entailing is non-monotone, such as “exactly five”. A downward entailing operator reverses the relation of semantic strength among expressions.
Is the quantifier some upward or downward entailing?
So the quantifier some is upward entailing in the restriction or left monotone increasing. For the quantifier not every, you will find that it is upward entailing in the restriction (left monotone increasing) and downward entailing in the body (right monotone decreasing).