What are the perforators?
The perforating veins of the lower limb (PV or “perforators”) are so called because they perforate the deep fascia of muscles, to connect the superficial venous systems of the lower extremity with the deep veins where they drain. There are numerous veins in variable arrangement, connection, size, and distribution.
What is a perforator in medical terms?
: one that perforates: as. a : an instrument used to perforate tissue (as bone) b : a nerve or blood vessel forming a connection between a deep system and a superficial one.
Are perforators normal?
PERFORATOR FUNCTION: NORMAL The perforator system functions primarily to divert venous drainage from the skin and superficial tissues to the deep veins.
What are incompetent perforator veins?
Perforator veins have one-way valves designed to prevent backflow of blood down towards the superficial veins. When those valves no longer function properly and reflux occurs, the buildup of blood and pressure can cause not only the superficial veins but the perforators themselves to become incompetent.
How many perforator veins are there?
About 150 perforating veins have been identified, and they are grouped based on their location. However, only about 20 of them have been shown to become incompetent and are frequently found in patients with ulceration.
What is perforator vein surgery?
SEPS involves making small incisions in the calf region for placement of the endoscope. Sutures are placed under the skin to minimize scarring and recovery time is minimal as well. Perforator veins, located above the ankle, carry blood from the superficial veins into the deep veins.
What is the function of perforator veins?
Perforator veins play an essential role in maintaining normal blood draining. They have valves which prevent blood flowing back (regurgitation) from deep to superficial veins in muscular systole or contraction.
What is the meaning of perforating veins?
Perforating veins, commonly called perforators, are veins that take blood from the superficial veins just under the skin, through the muscle, and into the deep veins. Once in the deep veins, blood can be pumped to the heart by the muscle pump.
How do you treat an incompetent perforator?
Minimally invasive treatments have replaced traditional surgical treatments for incompetent perforator veins. Current minimally invasive treatment options include ultrasound guided sclerotherapy (USGS) and endovascular thermal ablation (EVTA) with either laser or radiofrequency energy sources.
How are incompetent perforator veins treated?
Ultra-sound guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) UGFS uses sclerosant micro-foam injected in to the target perforators under direct ultra sound guidance. This remains the most widely used treatment modality for PVI.
How do you treat a perforator vein?
What is the meaning of the word cocket?
Definition of cocket. (Entry 1 of 3) 1a : a seal formerly of the English or Scottish king’s customhouse. b : any one of certain other seals formerly used to seal permits.
What is the synonym for the word Coquette?
“La Coquetta,” “The Coquette,” was the title of a cigar shop. Yet some of the sheeny-winged gallants called her a coquette. Coquette, if you will, with fifty, but give your affections to one.
Where does the last name Cockett come from?
The surname Cockett was first found in Norfolk where they held a family seat from very early times and were granted lands by Duke William of Normandy, their liege Lord, for their distinguished assistance at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 A.D.
Are there any other synonyms for the word procedure?
other words for procedure. action. agenda. conduct. form. measure. method. move. operation.