What is meant by disseminated intravascular?

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare but serious condition that causes abnormal blood clotting throughout the body’s blood vessels. It is caused by another disease or condition, such as an infection or injury, that makes the body’s normal blood clotting process become overactive.

What is DIC in simple terms?

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become overactive.

What are the interventions for DIC on a pregnant woman?

DIC must be managed by treating the underlying disease, which may require surgical and nonsurgical interventions, antibiotic therapy, replacement of blood products, fluid therapy and uterine evacuation. Supportive anticoagulant drugs are given to resolve coagulation abnormalities.

What is the most common cause of DIC in pregnancy?

Acute obstetrical hemorrhage is one of the leading causes for DIC in pregnancy and is one of the most avoidable etiologies of maternal death.

What is the most sensitive marker for DIC?

In a specialized setting, molecular markers for activation of coagulation or fibrin formation may be the most sensitive assays for DIC. A number of clinical studies show that the presence of soluble fibrin in plasma has a 90-100% sensitivity for DIC but, unfortunately, a relatively low specificity.

How does pregnancy affect coagulation?

Pregnancy changes the plasma levels of many clotting factors, such as fibrinogen, which can rise up to three times its normal value. Thrombin levels increase. Protein S, an anticoagulant, decreases. However, the other major anticoagulants, protein C and antithrombin III, remain constant.

Are platelets high or low in DIC?

Diagnosis of DIC involves a combination of laboratory tests and clinical evaluation. Laboratory findings suggestive of DIC include a low platelet count, elevated D-dimer concentration, decreased fibrinogen concentration, and prolongation of clotting times such as prothrombin time (PT).

What is DIC mortality rate?

Prognosis varies depending on the underlying disorder, and the extent of the intravascular thrombosis (clotting). The prognosis for those with DIC, regardless of cause, is often grim: Between 20% and 50% of patients will die.

What is chronic DIC?

Chronic DIC is a thromboembolic disorder that is usually associated with: Cancer, especially mucin-producing adenocarcinomas. Certain severe connective tissue diseases. Chronic infections (eg, tuberculosis, abscesses, osteomyelitis) Giant cavernous haemangioma (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome) Chronic kidney disease.

What is DIC syndrome?

Dic syndrome. 1. DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION SYNDROME (DIC) VAISHNAVI SURESH NAIR. 2. It is an acquired syndrome. It is a complication of an underlying illness, and involves systemic activation of the coagulation system when blood is exposed to pro-coagulants such as tissue factor.

What is a DIC test?

Suspected and known disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) – the diagnosis of DIC should be based on clinical and global coagulation tests in addition to a screening assay, when available, to assess intravascular soluble fibrin formation or fibrin degradation products (FDP).