Is trimethoprim soluble in water?
Trimethoprim is soluble in water (0.4 mg/ml). It is also soluble in DMSO (50 mg/ml), dimethylacetamide (138.6 mg/ml), benzyl alcohol (72.9 mg/ml), propyleneglycol (25.7 mg/ml), chloroform (18.2 mg/ml), methanol (12.1 mg/ml), ether (0.3 mg/ml), and benzene (0.02 mg/ml).
How do you dissolve trimethoprim?
A stock solution may be made by dissolving the trimethoprim in the solvent of choice. Trimethoprim is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and dimethyl formamide, which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of trimethoprim in these solvents is approximately 20 and 13 mg/ml, respectively.
How do you dissolve sulfamethoxazole?
For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, N-acetyl sulfamethoxazole should first be dissolved in DMSO and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. N-acetyl Sulfamethoxazole has a solubility of approximately 0.5 mg/ml in a 1:1 solution of DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) using this method.
What are the contraindications of trimethoprim?
anemia from inadequate folic acid. decreased blood platelets. low levels of a type of white blood cell called neutrophils. liver problems.
What class of drugs is trimethoprim?
Trimethoprim belongs to a class of drugs called Antibiotics, Other.
Is trimethoprim a weak base?
The structure of trimethoprim is shown in Fig. 1. Tt is a weak base with a pKa of about 7.3, slightly soluble in water (0.4 mg/ml), and forms stable salts with a variety of acids most of which have low solubility in water.
Is trimethoprim an antibiotic?
Trimethoprim is an antibiotic. It’s used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), such as cystitis. Occasionally, trimethoprim is used to treat other types of infections, such as chest infections and acne.
Can sulfamethoxazole be dissolved in water?
Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide derivatives. It is low soluble in water, rapid elimination through blood, and it produces several side effects, including skin rashes, fever, hepatotoxicity, haematological disorder, and lymphadenopathy. So poor solubility restricts their use in topical and parenteral applications.
What class is sulfamethoxazole?
Co-trimoxazole is a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole and is in a class of medications called sulfonamides.
What is the solubility of trimethoprim in water?
Trimethoprim solubility was both buffer‐ and pH‐dependent. In both water and hydrochloric acid solution at 32 °C the solubility of trimethoprim increased from 50 mg/100 mL in water at pH 8.54 to a maximum of 1550 mg/100 mL at pH 5.5. This maximum solubility was in excess of that predicted theoretically and may be due to supersaturation.
How are the solubilities of trimethoprim and hpcd measured?
Solubilities of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) have been measured in the absence and presence of various concentrations of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) in buffers over a range of pH values.
What’s the difference between trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?
Trimethoprim is lipid soluble at physiologic pH and has a large volume of distribution (100–120 L), whereas sulfamethoxazole is a weak acid with poor lipid solubility at pH values above 7, leading to a volume of distribution corresponding to that of the extracellular space (i.e. 12–18 L).
How does trimethoprim affect the biosynthesis of DHF?
The effects of trimethoprim causes a backlog of dihydrofolate (DHF) and this backlog can work against the inhibitory effect the drug has on tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis; this is where the sulfamethoxazole comes in, its role is in depleting the excess DHF by preventing it from being synthesised in the first place.