What does the parahippocampal gyrus do?
1.30. The parahippocampal gyrus is a cortical region in the medial temporal lobe that surrounds the hippocampus and plays an important role in both spatial memory (Squire, L. R. and Zola-Morgan, S., 1991) and navigation (Aguirre, G. K. et al., 1996; Maguire, E. A. et al., 1996).
What is the uncus?
The uncus is the anatomical structure located within the mesial temporal lobe that can herniate over the tentorial edge and compress the oculomotor nerve.
What nuclei are in the uncus?
thalamus. interthalamic adhesion. lateral geniculate nucleus. medial geniculate nucleus.
What is temporal uncus?
Abstract. The uncus is the innermost part of the temporal lobe and receives its name from its hook-shaped structure. Anatomically, the anterior segment of the uncus overlies the amygdala and belongs to the parahippocampal gyrus.
Where is the Supramarginal gyrus located?
parietal lobe
The supramarginal gyrus (plural: supramarginal gyri) is a portion of the parietal lobe of the brain. It is one of the two parts of the inferior parietal lobule, the other being the angular gyrus. It plays a role in phonological processing (i.e. of spoken and written language) and emotional responses.
Is parahippocampal gyrus part of temporal lobe?
The parahippocampal cortex (PHC) encompasses a large portion of the medial temporal lobe. It is located at the junction between brain regions described as essential to memory formation (e.g., the hippocampus) and high level visual processing (e.g., the fusiform cortex).
What causes uncal herniation?
Uncal herniation occurs when rising intracranial pressure causes portions of the brain to move from one intracranial compartment to another. It is a life-threatening neurological emergency and indicates the failure of all adaptive mechanisms for intracranial compliance.
What is a herniated brain?
Brain herniation occurs when something inside the skull produces pressure that moves brain tissues. This is most often the result of brain swelling or bleeding from a head injury, stroke, or brain tumor. Brain herniation can be a side effect of tumors in the brain, including: Metastatic brain tumor.
Are there two amygdala in the brain?
There are two amygdalae in each hemisphere of the brain and there are three known functionally distinct parts: The medial (middle) group of subnuclei which has many connections with the olfactory bulb and cortex (related to olfactory functions, or sense of smell).
Is the uncus part of the amygdala?
Amygdala is the integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation. If the brain is turned upside down the end of the structure continuous with the hippocampus is called the uncus. If you peel away uncus you will expose the amygdala which abuts the anterior of the hippocampus.
What is Kernohan’s Notch?
Kernohan’s notch phenomenon is the ipsilateral hemiplegia caused by compression of the contralateral cerebral peduncle against the tentorial edge by a supratentorial mass. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) could be useful for exploring the state of the corticospinal tract (CST).
What gyrus is Wernicke’s area?
superior temporal gyrus
Wernicke area is located in Brodmann area 22, the posterior segment of the superior temporal gyrus in the dominant hemisphere. [1] Since 95% of people have a left dominant hemisphere, the Wernicke area is usually found on the left side. This area encompasses the auditory cortex on the lateral sulcus.
Is the parahippocampal gyrus a positive or negative system?
Furthermore, positron emission tomography studies in humans have demonstrated that the parahippocampal gyrus is significantly implicated in negative but not positive emotive response, suggesting that this structure is part of a highly specialized network for processing different types of emotional stimuli ( Blood et al., 1999; Lane et al., 1997 ).
Where is the uncus located in the brain?
Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. Uncus is shown in orange. The uncus is an anterior extremity of the parahippocampal gyrus. It is separated from the apex of the temporal lobe by a slight fissure called the incisura temporalis .
Is the parahippocampal gyrus part of the frontal lobe?
The part of the parahippocampal gyrus anterior to the hippocampal formation (including the uncus and the area around the amygdala) together with the olfactory regions on the adjoining surface of the frontal lobe constitute primary olfactory cortex, which is concerned with processing information about odors.
Which is the transverse band of the uncus?
The semilunar gyrus is best identified by the semilunar sulcus .The inferior surface of the uncus is crossed by a transverse marking; the band of Giacomini, which represents the rostral end of the dentate gyrus.