What is increased Testotoxicosis?
Testotoxicosis is caused by an activating mutation of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) gene, which leads to increased levels of sex steroids in the context of low luteinizing hormone. The condition may be sporadic or transmitted as a dominant trait.
What is familial male precocious puberty?
Familial male-limited precocious puberty (FMPP) is a gonadotropin-independent disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant, male-limited pattern. Affected males generally exhibit signs of puberty by the age of 4 years.
What causes Testotoxicosis?
Testotoxicosis is caused by an activating mutation of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) gene , which leads to increased levels of sex steroids in the context of low luteinizing hormone . The condition may be sporadic or transmitted as a dominant trait . It is only expressed in males.
Does Testotoxicosis show a dominant or recessive inheritance pattern?
Testotoxicosis is an autosomal recessive disorder in which premature Leydig cell maturation causes incomplete precocious puberty.
What is peripheral precocious puberty?
Peripheral precocious puberty occurs when the sex hormone glands (adrenal glands in boys and girls, ovaries in girls and testes in boys) begin functioning earlier than normal. This type of precocious puberty is less common.
Is precocious puberty reversible?
The goal of treatment for is to stop the onset of early puberty signs. In some cases, the signs can be reversed. Treatment will depend on the type of precocious puberty and the cause. Treatment may be done with synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
What mutations could cause Testotoxicosis?
What is familial precocious puberty?
Familial male-limited precocious puberty is a condition that causes early sexual development in males; females are not affected. Boys with this disorder begin exhibiting the signs of puberty in early childhood, between the ages of 2 and 5.
Which is the best treatment for strep throat?
Strep throat can be a painful and frustrating respiratory condition, making it hard to swallow, eat and sleep. Although the conventional treatment for strep throat is antibiotics, research shows that they only reduce the length of the illness by about half a day.
What is the treatment for testotoxicosis in children?
Decisions regarding treatment for patients with testotoxicosis are complex. [3] Treatment typically consists of reducing hyperandrogenism in children (sexual maturation, stature) with ketoconazole or a combination of antiandrogens and aromatase inhibitors.
When to give antibiotics to children with strep throat?
Special Considerations. Clinicians should confirm group A strep pharyngitis in children older than 3 years of age to appropriately guide treatment decisions. Giving antibiotics to children with confirmed group A strep pharyngitis can reduce their risk of developing sequela (acute rheumatic fever).
Can a throat culture be used to diagnose strep throat?
However, clinicians cannot use clinical examination to differentiate viral and group A strep pharyngitis in the absence of viral symptoms. Clinicians need to use either a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) or throat culture to confirm group A strep pharyngitis.